GNU/Linux on the Lenovo/IBM ThinkCentre A55

Copyright (c) 2007 Dimitri Marinakis.

Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU Free Documentation License".

Introduction

The account that follows is for the 8985-7DG model (Part Number: VOX7Dxx), although it appears that A55 types 8705, 8975, 8985, 9265 and M55e types 9279, 9379, 9389, 9637 share the same motherboard. The particular computer model is equipped with 512Mb of memory (one module), a 16 x DVD reader, an 80GB SATA disk, an FDD. And it came with a kind of a certificate for a PCDOS 2000 copy (DOS 2000 Licence); if you don't have it you need to send for it (what's wrong with shipping a computer without an OS, anyway). A 17” 1280 x 1024 Lenovo 171 monitor was bought along with the computer.

BIOS version: 2OKT30AUS (12/11/2006)

First impressions: Quiet fan operation (it has three of them), lean, low-end but sturdy-looking mini-tower box, “Preferred Pro” keyboard and optical wheel mouse. The front panel features an air-intake grill, USB and audio ports as well as a plastic extension sticking out for grabbing it and moving it around. This handy feature, however, prevents box-stacking, like when you are “temporarily” working with more than one computer boxes. The documentation obtained on the net is not overly detailed. And there is a problem with the DVD drive not being able to read my slightly scratched mp3 collection (all my other DVD readers and/or writers are happy with the particular disk). Also, rigid plastic feet make it slide rather easily on a desktop, despite its 11 kg weight.

The L171 monitor had a glaring bright green-on-black pixel out-of-the-box. According to the company's product description “The L171 meets the ISO 13406-2 Class 2 Pixel Defect Standard” - meaning 5 bad pixels before they will accept a monitor for replacement, if I understand correctly. A local shopkeeper who had two similarly-looking IBM/Lenovo machines (8112, 8113) told me he had the same problem with his IBM-branded monitors; his supplier did replace his, however; I have been offered a replacement, as well.

The selected GNU/Linux distribution for the particular exercise was OpenSuSE 10.2 (http://en.opensuse.org/Download) with the x86_64 smp kernel; newer modules are required for 3D desktops, hence a quick upgrade to 10.3 and beyond (http://download.opensuse.org/distribution/SL-OSS-factory/inst-source/). VectorLinux (http://www.vectorlinux.com) was also successfully installed on this machine as well as Ubuntu 6.10.

History

If this text looks outdated, maybe it is. Please help keep the record(s) straight.

28-Mar-2007 – AIGLX, beryl, Ubuntu
25-Feb-2007 – upgrade to 10.3, graphics build information moved to troubleshooting section
20-Feb-2007 – Xgl - compiz
17-Feb-2007 – ACPI, network, audio update
24-Jan-2007 – Hardware update
First release 20-Jan-2007

References

Disclaimer

The usual disclaimer about misconfiguring your system beyond repair or oblueterating your work applies: Don't blame it on me. Do one thing at a time. Read and Learn. Write to tlgu, carmen gr, in case this document contains inaccuracies, errors or if you have some information that others can benefit from.

Hardware

Power Supply:

Motherboard:

Drive bays:

Drives:


There is one parallel IDE cable with two connectors (CS – Cable Select) which allowed the installation of an extra DVD/RW drive; the drive bays feature a no-tools drive accommodation mechanism which, however, expects that some kind of a metal plate has been installed on the drive, for use with the latching mechanism (none included). Fortunately the usual drive screw holes were punched on the metal frame.

Speaker:

External ports:

lspci 

00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation 82946GZ/PL/GL Memory Controller Hub (rev 02)
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation 82946GZ/GL Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 02)
00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) High Definition Audio Controller (rev 01)
00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) PCI Express Port 1 (rev 01)
00:1c.1 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) PCI Express Port 2 (rev 01)
00:1d.0 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB UHCI #1 (rev 01)
00:1d.1 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB UHCI #2 (rev 01)
00:1d.2 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB UHCI #3 (rev 01)
00:1d.3 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB UHCI #4 (rev 01)
00:1d.7 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB2 EHCI Controller (rev 01)
00:1e.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801 PCI Bridge (rev e1)
00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation 82801GB/GR (ICH7 Family) LPC Interface Bridge (rev 01)
00:1f.2 IDE interface: Intel Corporation 82801GB/GR/GH (ICH7 Family) Serial ATA Storage Controller IDE (rev 01)
00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) SMBus Controller (rev 01)
04:00.0 Ethernet controller: Broadcom Corporation NetLink BCM5786 Gigabit Ethernet PCI Express (rev 02)

Audio

You will need some music while working on the video section and you probably won't like the high-pitched tone coming out of your speakers (or headphones). The following worked for me:

Appended the noapic option (see /usr/src/linux/Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt) on the kernel boot line - /boot/grub/menu.lst – [apparently not needed with kernels > 2.6.19]

While you are at it, maybe you should add a vga=0x31a boot option if you prefer the smaller characters afforded by the monitor.

The audio chip is reported as “AD198x”. ADI1986

Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) High Definition Audio Controller
Driver: "HDA Intel"
Driver Modules: "snd_hda_intel"

ALSA is installed by default. Created a file called alsa-fix in /etc/modprobe.d – having the following content:

# /etc/modprobe.d/alsa-fix
options snd-hda-intel position_fix=1 model=3stack

On alsamixer the line output (on the back) is “Front”. The speaker on the front panel is “Mono”.

The DVD-ROM drive lacks a cable connecting its audio output to the motherboard input so if you will be playing real CDs, you provide.

Video

Video modes supported by the motherboard chipset (82946GZ/GL Integrated Graphics Controller)

Monitor information maybe obtained by the X probes; if not, here it is:

L171 Horizontal frequencies: 30 – 83 kHz

L171 Vertical frequencies: 55 – 76Hz

L171 Maximum viewable area 340 x 272 mm says the manufacturer, or 17” (5/4 ratio)

L171 monitor factory preset modes (Maximum pixel rate 140 MHz, 16 million colors):

The vesa/framebuffer driver worked out of the box (2D) but if you want to take the long and winding road (3D), read on:

3D Video

The motherboard's IGD (Integrated Graphics Device) is initially allocated 8Mb memory (stolen from the 512 Mb system memory) by the BIOS. This is not enough for 3D operation. So you must go to the BIOS Video settings and select: 

Active video: IGD
DVMT mode – DVMT (stands for Dynamic Video Memory Technology)
IGD Memory size: Auto (driver gets 64Mb) or Max DVMT (or you may limit the available memory to 128 or 256Mb)

Working as root (su):

Save the known-working xorg.conf configuration. A working version of xorg.conf with the Intel open-source driver (i810) may be found below (at least the important parts):

Then, the proper driver (agpgart) should be working to allocate the extra video memory. Nowadays this is included in the kernel (not compiled as a module) and it is operational as of kernel 2.16.19; earlier kernels will not work.

If you find out by looking in your /var/log/Xorg.0.log file that the relevant device /dev/agpgart cannot be opened, make a device entry yourself, if it does not exist, or change the rights of the device to include the target group/owner:

> mknod -m 660 /dev/agpgart c 10 175

I have the following line in my /etc/init.d/boot.local to make sure that agpgart is accessible by all (you may limit access to the video group users).

> chmod 666 /dev/agpgart

You may restart your server by pressing Ctrl/Alt/Backspace or by typing

> rcxdm restart

Use the “bogoframes benchmark” from http://www.free3d.org/ to see how you fared:

> cat /proc/pci | grep VGA || lspci | grep VGA | colrm 1 4 ; cat /proc/cpuinfo | \
egrep "model name|MHz" ; xdpyinfo | egrep "version:|dimensions|depth of" ; glxinfo | \
egrep -A2 "direct rendering|OpenGL vendor" ; glxgears & sleep 25 ; killall glxgears

Which on this system yields (16 bits):

2.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation 82946GZ/GL Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 02)
model name      :               Intel(R) Pentium(R) D CPU 2.80GHz
cpu MHz         : 2793.079
model name      :               Intel(R) Pentium(R) D CPU 2.80GHz
cpu MHz         : 2793.079
X.Org version: 1.2.99.902
  dimensions:    1280x1024 pixels (332x271 millimeters)
  depth of root window:    16 planes
libGL warning: 3D driver claims to not support visual 0x5a
direct rendering: Yes
server glx vendor string: SGI
server glx version string: 1.2
--
OpenGL vendor string: Tungsten Graphics, Inc
OpenGL renderer string: Mesa DRI Intel(R) 946GZ 4.1.3002
OpenGL version string: 1.4 Mesa 6.5.2
[1] ----
libGL warning: 3D driver claims to not support visual 0x5a
9265 frames in 5.0 seconds = 1852.894 FPS
9525 frames in 5.0 seconds = 1904.840 FPS
9521 frames in 5.0 seconds = 1904.067 FPS
9518 frames in 5.0 seconds = 1903.471 FPS

...wait; it is getting better (24 bits):

2.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation 82946GZ/GL Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 02)
model name      :               Intel(R) Pentium(R) D CPU 2.80GHz
cpu MHz         : 2793.079
model name      :               Intel(R) Pentium(R) D CPU 2.80GHz
cpu MHz         : 2793.079
X.Org version: 1.2.99.902
  dimensions:    1280x1024 pixels (332x271 millimeters)
  depth of root window:    24 planes
libGL warning: 3D driver claims to not support visual 0x5a
direct rendering: Yes
server glx vendor string: SGI
server glx version string: 1.2
--
OpenGL vendor string: Tungsten Graphics, Inc
OpenGL renderer string: Mesa DRI Intel(R) 946GZ 4.1.3002
OpenGL version string: 1.4 Mesa 6.5.2
[1] ....
libGL warning: 3D driver claims to not support visual 0x5a
6063 frames in 5.0 seconds = 1212.520 FPS
6230 frames in 5.0 seconds = 1245.845 FPS
6212 frames in 5.0 seconds = 1242.342 FPS

xorg.conf (3D acceleration)

Section "Files"
    FontPath    "/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/misc:unscaled"
    FontPath    "/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/local"
    FontPath    "/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/75dpi:unscaled"
    FontPath    "/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/Type1"
    FontPath    "/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/URW"
    FontPath    "/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/truetype"
    FontPath    "/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/uni:unscaled"
    FontPath    "/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/CID"
    FontPath    "/opt/kde3/share/fonts"
    FontPath    "/usr/local/share/fonts"
    InputDevices "/dev/gpmdata"
    InputDevices "/dev/input/mice"
EndSection


Section "ServerFlags"
  Option       "AllowMouseOpenFail" "on"
EndSection

Section "Module"
        Load    "v4l"
        Load    "i2c"
        Load    "bitmap"
        Load    "ddc"
        Load    "dri"
        Load    "extmod"
        Load    "freetype"
        Load    "glx"
        Load    "int10"
        Load    "type1"
        Load    "vbe"
        Load    "dbe"
EndSection


Section "InputDevice"
  Driver       "kbd"
  Identifier   "Keyboard[0]"
  Option       "Protocol" "Standard"
  Option       "XkbLayout" "us"
  Option       "XkbModel" "pc104"
  Option       "XkbRules" "xfree86"
EndSection


Section "InputDevice"
  Driver       "mouse"
  Identifier   "Mouse[1]"
  Option       "Buttons" "5"
  Option       "Device" "/dev/input/mice"
  Option       "Name" "IBM USB Optical Mouse"
  Option       "Protocol" "explorerps/2"
  Option       "ZAxisMapping" "4 5"
EndSection


Section "Monitor"
#  Commented out values are automagically obtained from the 
#  Display Data Channel (DDC) module
#  Option       "CalcAlgorithm" "XServerPool"
#  DisplaySize  337 270
#  HorizSync    30-83
  Identifier   "Monitor[0]"
  ModelName    "L171"
  Option       "DPMS"
#  VendorName   "LENOVO"
# VertRefresh  55-76
  UseModes     "Modes[0]"
EndSection


Section "Modes"
  Identifier   "Modes[0]"
EndSection


Section "Screen"
# Depth (bits per pixel) can be 16 or 24 for 3D operation
# Xglx requires 24 bits
# 
# A matching VBIOS entry should be present:
# e.g. 915resolution 3c 1280 1024 24
#
# DefaultDepth 24
  DefaultDepth 16
  SubSection "Display"
    Depth      16
    Modes      "1280x1024" "1024x768" "800x600" "640x480" 
  EndSubSection
  SubSection "Display"
    Depth      24
    Modes      "1280x1024" "1024x768" "800x600" "640x480" 
  EndSubSection
  Device       "Device[0]"
  Identifier   "Screen[0]"
  Monitor      "Monitor[0]"
EndSection


Section "Device"
  BoardName    "Q965/Q963/G965/946GZ"
  BusID        "0:2:0"
  Driver       "i810"
  Identifier   "Device[0]"
  Option       "DRI"
  Screen       0
  VendorName   "Intel"

# See man i810
  Option "XAANoOffscreenPixmaps"
# AGPMode can take values from 0 to 8
  Option "AGPMode" "4"
# VESA Bios Extension (VBE) – save/restore initial text mode
# This is necessary to prevent video misconfiguration while switching
# virtual terminals (VTs)
  Option "VBERestore" "true"
# VideoRam may be commented out
# If it is not expressly defined, it will default to 64M
# (memory must be available, see "3D Video", above)
#  VideoRam     131072
EndSection


Section "ServerLayout"
  Identifier   "Layout[all]"
  InputDevice  "Keyboard[0]" "CoreKeyboard"
  InputDevice  "Mouse[1]" "CorePointer"
  Option       "Clone" "off"
  Option       "Xinerama" "off"
  Screen       "Screen[0]"
# Use the following option if AIGLX is used
  Option       "AIGLX" "true"
EndSection


Section "DRI"
#    Group      "video"
    Mode       0666
EndSection
Section "Extensions"
        Option "Composite" "Enable"
EndSection

KDE – kompmgr

If you have enabled the “Composite” option in your xorg.conf file and you start the KDE window manager, you will also start kompmgr – the KDE composite rendering engine. This, in turn, will provide translucency, shadows and fade-in/fade-out effects.

GLX – Xgl – compiz

Xgl – translucent windows, desktop on the sides of a “cube”, quick location of windows opened on various desktops by scaling. Xgl requires 24 bits. The compiz compositing window manager is included in the standard distribution. Xgl runs on top of GLX (OpenGL Extension to the X Window System).

The video device is an Intel 946GZ (refer to Intel web pages to find out more). Its operation is controlled by a Video BIOS (VBIOS) table that does not include a 24-bit mode and needs to be patched for the correct resolution and color depth. So one of the operations that need to be performed on system startup is calling an appropriate program to patch one of the listed/available video modes. The 915resolution package included in openSuSE 10.3 needs to run in order to patch the Video BIOS. The patch is applied to a RAM copy of the VBIOS (it is not a permanent change). I have included the following line in my /etc/init.d/boot.local:

> /sbin/915resolution 3c 1280 1024 24

meaning “change mode 3c to 1280x1024 resolution (24 bits)”. To see the active modes, use the “list” option:

> /sbin/915resolution -l

In file /etc/X11/xorg.conf make sure that the default color depth is 24 bits.

Section “Screen”
DefaultDepth 24

Install the required packages:

> yast -i xgl xgl-hardware-list compiz gnome-session libwnck compiz-kde

Open /etc/sysconfig/displaymanager using your favorite editor and change the following variable to read:

DISPLAYMANAGER_XSERVER="Xgl"

You can do the same using yast (System > /etc/sysconfig Editor > Desktop > Display manager)

Create the following files and make executable (chown +x filename). Note that there are a number of window decorators to be used with compiz (gtk-window-decorator, kde-window-decorator, cgwd):

# filename: /usr/local/bin/compiz.sh
# Uncomment one of the following lines to select a window decorator.
#
#/usr/bin/compiz gconf & /usr/bin/cgwd &
#/usr/bin/compiz gconf & /usr/bin/gtk-window-decorator &
/usr/bin/compiz gconf & /usr/bin/kde-window-decorator &

# filename: /opt/kde3/env/kdewm.sh
export KDEWM=/usr/local/bin/compiz.sh

Restart your X server by typing

> rcxdm restart

To adjust the behavior of the 3D Desktop run:

> gnome-xgl-settings

AIGLX – beryl

Accelerated Indirect GLX – an extension which is now incorporated in Xorg. Beryl is a compositing window manager with an accompanying window decorator (emerald) and a real-time settings manager (beryl-settings).

The latest xorg and beryl packages for opensuse (the ones with -snapshot) appended, may be found at http://software.opensuse.org/download/X11:/XGL/SUSE_Factory.

The resolution discussion in the previous section is applicable here, as well. AIGLX runs fine with 16 bit color resolution so we don't really need to tweak video modes.

In /etc/sysconfig/displaymanager, make sure that

DISPLAYMANAGER_XSERVER="Xorg"

To start beryl, you only need to run

> beryl-manager

A red jewel icon will appear on your panel. You can use it to select one of available window managers (kwin – the KDE window manager, metacity, the GNOME window manager, compiz and – of course – beryl). On top of the list is the beryl settings manager, for perusing and changing the various options.

If you have trouble using beryl-manager, you can try the individual commands:

> beryl --replace &

> emerald --replace &

> beryl-settings &

The first one starts the window manager, the second one starts the window decorator and the third one starts the settings manager. There is also a test mode, which you can use to verify whether the window manager thinks that everything is ok before actually starting it. In a console window type:

> beryl –test

To start beryl if you are in KDE, you must also stop the kwin compositing engine. The following line does it all:

> killall kompmgr & beryl --replace & emerald --replace & beryl-settings &

If you want to compare notes, use the beryl benchmark plug-in (it is in the extras tab of beryl-settings). On my machine, it has registered up to 200 frames-per-second while idle, with about 40 fps while the desktop cube is hanging in “mid-air”. This compares to a low 136/28 fps and a medium 155/36 fps, depending on AGPMode and other settings.

Ubuntu 6.10

This Debian-based distribution is quite popular and quite promising. It, too, needs the latest and greatest kernel/xorg/mesa/tg3 network driver/915resolution video mode tweaking packages to work on this computer.

Network: Look at the link in the References section for tg3 driver download, compilation and installation instructions. The driver may be found at http://www.broadcom.com/support/ethernet_nic/driver-sla.php?driver=570x-Linux

Video mode: The 915resolution program needs to be patched; though the patches are cosmetic, they are needed for proper chipset identification – otherwise the program won't run. If the package is installed, however, there is a file called /etc/default/915resolution, which you can edit to add the desired video mode (see /usr/share/doc/915resolution):

MODE=0x3c
XRES0=1280
YRES0=1024
BIT=24

There was also a problem when trying to install Ubuntu on a spare disk partition. ubiquity (Ubuntu's installer) refused to install the system before the partition was deleted and re-instituted.

Also – Ubuntu is a root-less system. If you want to work as root, use sudo su and provide the password of the default user.

Another problem – beryl-settings would not run with my locale (which was not included in the particular distribution). A quick workaround is to set LC_CTYPE=C and then run beryl-settings.

3D desktop troubleshooting

Before I had the first 3D desktop working, various issues came up; although these may no longer be relevant due to the torrential rate of updates, I have kept them in this section, just in case...

agpgart not working:

This driver is included in the kernel as of 2.16.19; earlier kernels will not work. To compile the latest and greatest kernel (www.kernel.org) get the current system configuration (/usr/src/linux/.config) from the running system and follow the instructions at http://www.howtoforge.com/kernel_compilation_suse or similar instructions for your favorite GNU/Linux flavor).

Flashing blue/white screen following video modifications:

Switching screens: the mode of the console screen must match the mode of the graphics screen. If these are different you may be left with an off-blue or off-white screen (flashing, too). If this happens you may try to switch to a virtual console (e.g. Alt/Ctrl/F3) and half-blindly login and reboot the system. If it becomes unusable you may type “single” at the boot prompt (single user mode), restore your working xorg.conf and retry.

This issue was eventually resolved by the VBERestore option in the Device section of the X configuration file (xorg.conf). By saving and restoring the original (video) text mode, everything is working smoothly.

DRI not working:

DRI (Direct Rendering Infrastructure)... Need Mesa. Downloaded Mesa 6.5.2 (http://www.mesa3d.org).

Mesa 6.5.2 needs libdrm version 2.3.0 or greater. Get it from http://dri.freedesktop.org/libdrm/.

(Comment from http://dri.freedesktop.org/wiki/Building:

libdrm installs to /usr/local/lib by default. To install in /usr/lib run:

./configure –prefix=/usr)


Mesa also needs glxproto.h to be included; read Mesa x.x.x/docs/install.html before you start the build.

When everything is in place, build the suite using the following commands:

> make realclean -j 4
> make linux-dri-x86-64 -j 4
> make install

(The -j 4 switch instructs make to run 4 concurrent jobs – improves build times drastically keeping both processors busy...)

Now if you restart Xorg you may still get a complaint inside Xorg.0.log to the effect that i965_dri.so cannot be found. This library is part of the Mesa suite. I manually copied it to /usr/lib64 and restarted the X server (Ctrl/Alt/Backspace).

915resolution not recognizing the graphics chip:

The 915resolution package which comes with openSuSE 10.2-10.3 is patched to recognize this video graphics chip. As the 82946GZ/GL controller is compatible with existing chipsets patching older versions at hand is a matter of including new names: (http://www.mail-archive.com/debian-bugs-dist%40lists.debian.org/msg271006.html)

24-bit operation does not use direct rendering:

...but 3D desktop works

After restarting the X server
2.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation 82946GZ/GL Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 02)
model name      :               Intel(R) Pentium(R) D CPU 2.80GHz
cpu MHz         : 2793.089
model name      :               Intel(R) Pentium(R) D CPU 2.80GHz
cpu MHz         : 2793.089
X.Org version: 7.0.0.1
  dimensions:    1280x1024 pixels (332x271 millimeters)
  depth of root window:    24 planes
direct rendering: No
server glx vendor string: SGI
server glx version string: 1.2
--
OpenGL vendor string: Mesa project: www.mesa3d.org
OpenGL renderer string: Mesa GLX Indirect
OpenGL version string: 1.2 (1.5 Mesa 6.5.2)
[1] 5285
1974 frames in 5.3 seconds = 374.697 FPS
1920 frames in 5.2 seconds = 367.907 FPS
1920 frames in 5.2 seconds = 367.047 FPS
1920 frames in 5.2 seconds = 367.918 FPS

gnome-xgl-settings complains about not knowing the chipset:

Add the following line in /etc/X11/xgl-hardware-list:

# Supported Intel cards

G 8086:2972 # Intel Corporation 82946GZ/GL Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 02) (prog-if 00 [VGA])

Network

This computer sports a Broadcom Corporation NetLink BCM5786 Gigabit Ethernet PCI Express. The automatically selected driver is tg3. 

Tigon3 [partno(BCM95786) rev b002 PHY(5787)] (PCI Express) 10/100/1000BaseT
Device: pci 0x169a
SubDevice: pci 0x1015
Revision: 0x02

> ethtool eth0
Settings for eth0:
         Supported ports: [ MII ]
         Supported link modes:   10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full
                                 100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
                                 1000baseT/Half 1000baseT/Full
         Supports auto-negotiation: Yes
         Advertised link modes:  10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full
                                 100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
                                 1000baseT/Half 1000baseT/Full
         Advertised auto-negotiation: Yes
         Speed: 1000Mb/s
         Duplex: Full
         Port: Twisted Pair
         PHYAD: 1
         Transceiver: internal
         Auto-negotiation: on
         Supports Wake-on: g
         Wake-on: d
         Current message level: 0x000000ff (255)
         Link detected: yes

ACPI (Advanced Configuration and Power Interface)

Advertised capabilities:

ACPI: (supports S0 S1 S3 S4 S5)

If the power saving daemon (powersaved) is running, you can put the machine in standby operation or turn it off saving the current state (suspend to disk – swap).

> powersave -U

will suspend to disk and,

> powersave -m

will set the machine in stand-by. The light next to the power button will be flashing. Pushing the button will (almost) instantly restore the machine to an operational state.

You can also disable and re-enable the second processor:

> powersave -D 1
> powersave -E 1

And here is a list of the devices that can wake up the computer:

> cat /proc/acpi/wakeup
Device  Sleep state     Status
EXP1       4            disabled
EXP2       4            disabled
PCIB       5            disabled
KBC0       4            disabled
COMA       5            disabled
AC97       1            disabled
PWRB       3            * enabled
USB1       3            disabled
USB2       3            disabled
USB3       3            disabled
USB4       3            disabled
EUSB       3            disabled

Sensors

Running sensors-detect identifies the sensor chip and required driver modules for fan, temperature and voltages, which can then be selected and displayed using sensors, gkrellm, ksysguard or other. Note that displayed values may not be properly scaled [FIXME: need scaling/offset values] 

> sensors-detect

Driver `eeprom' (should be inserted):
  Detects correctly:
  * Bus `SMBus I801 adapter at 1880'
    Busdriver `i2c-i801', I2C address 0x50
    Chip `SPD EEPROM' (confidence: 8)
  * Bus `SMBus I801 adapter at 1880'
    Busdriver `i2c-i801', I2C address 0x52
    Chip `SPD EEPROM' (confidence: 8)

...

Driver `it87' (should be inserted):
  Detects correctly:
  * ISA bus address 0x0290 (Busdriver `i2c-isa')
    Chip `ITE IT8718F Super IO Sensors' (confidence: 9)

I will now generate the commands needed to load the required modules.
Just press ENTER to continue:

To make the sensors modules behave correctly, add these lines to
/etc/modprobe.conf:

#----cut here----
# I2C module options
alias char-major-89 i2c-dev
#----cut here----

To load everything that is needed, add this to some /etc/rc* file:

#----cut here----
# I2C adapter drivers
modprobe i2c-i801
# Chip drivers
modprobe eeprom
modprobe it87
# sleep 2 # optional
/usr/bin/sensors -s # recommended
#----cut here----

...

> cat /etc/sysconfig/lm_sensors
...
MODULE_0=i2c-i801
MODULE_1=eeprom
MODULE_2=it87

GNU Free Documentation License

Version 1.2, November 2002 

Copyright (C) 2000,2001,2002  Free Software Foundation, Inc.
51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.

0. PREAMBLE

The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or other functional and useful document "free" in the sense of freedom: to assure everyone the effective freedom to copy and redistribute it, with or without modifying it, either commercially or noncommercially. Secondarily, this License preserves for the author and publisher a way to get credit for their work, while not being considered responsible for modifications made by others.

This License is a kind of "copyleft", which means that derivative works of the document must themselves be free in the same sense. It complements the GNU General Public License, which is a copyleft license designed for free software.

We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for free software, because free software needs free documentation: a free program should come with manuals providing the same freedoms that the software does. But this License is not limited to software manuals; it can be used for any textual work, regardless of subject matter or whether it is published as a printed book. We recommend this License principally for works whose purpose is instruction or reference.

1. APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS

This License applies to any manual or other work, in any medium, that contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it can be distributed under the terms of this License. Such a notice grants a world-wide, royalty-free license, unlimited in duration, to use that work under the conditions stated herein. The "Document", below, refers to any such manual or work. Any member of the public is a licensee, and is addressed as "you". You accept the license if you copy, modify or distribute the work in a way requiring permission under copyright law.

A "Modified Version" of the Document means any work containing the Document or a portion of it, either copied verbatim, or with modifications and/or translated into another language.

A "Secondary Section" is a named appendix or a front-matter section of the Document that deals exclusively with the relationship of the publishers or authors of the Document to the Document's overall subject (or to related matters) and contains nothing that could fall directly within that overall subject. (Thus, if the Document is in part a textbook of mathematics, a Secondary Section may not explain any mathematics.) The relationship could be a matter of historical connection with the subject or with related matters, or of legal, commercial, philosophical, ethical or political position regarding them.

The "Invariant Sections" are certain Secondary Sections whose titles are designated, as being those of Invariant Sections, in the notice that says that the Document is released under this License. If a section does not fit the above definition of Secondary then it is not allowed to be designated as Invariant. The Document may contain zero Invariant Sections. If the Document does not identify any Invariant Sections then there are none.

The "Cover Texts" are certain short passages of text that are listed, as Front-Cover Texts or Back-Cover Texts, in the notice that says that the Document is released under this License. A Front-Cover Text may be at most 5 words, and a Back-Cover Text may be at most 25 words.

A "Transparent" copy of the Document means a machine-readable copy, represented in a format whose specification is available to the general public, that is suitable for revising the document straightforwardly with generic text editors or (for images composed of pixels) generic paint programs or (for drawings) some widely available drawing editor, and that is suitable for input to text formatters or for automatic translation to a variety of formats suitable for input to text formatters. A copy made in an otherwise Transparent file format whose markup, or absence of markup, has been arranged to thwart or discourage subsequent modification by readers is not Transparent. An image format is not Transparent if used for any substantial amount of text. A copy that is not "Transparent" is called "Opaque".

Examples of suitable formats for Transparent copies include plain ASCII without markup, Texinfo input format, LaTeX input format, SGML or XML using a publicly available DTD, and standard-conforming simple HTML, PostScript or PDF designed for human modification. Examples of transparent image formats include PNG, XCF and JPG. Opaque formats include proprietary formats that can be read and edited only by proprietary word processors, SGML or XML for which the DTD and/or processing tools are not generally available, and the machine-generated HTML, PostScript or PDF produced by some word processors for output purposes only.

The "Title Page" means, for a printed book, the title page itself, plus such following pages as are needed to hold, legibly, the material this License requires to appear in the title page. For works in formats which do not have any title page as such, "Title Page" means the text near the most prominent appearance of the work's title, preceding the beginning of the body of the text.

A section "Entitled XYZ" means a named subunit of the Document whose title either is precisely XYZ or contains XYZ in parentheses following text that translates XYZ in another language. (Here XYZ stands for a specific section name mentioned below, such as "Acknowledgements", "Dedications", "Endorsements", or "History".) To "Preserve the Title" of such a section when you modify the Document means that it remains a section "Entitled XYZ" according to this definition.

The Document may include Warranty Disclaimers next to the notice which states that this License applies to the Document. These Warranty Disclaimers are considered to be included by reference in this License, but only as regards disclaiming warranties: any other implication that these Warranty Disclaimers may have is void and has no effect on the meaning of this License.

2. VERBATIM COPYING

You may copy and distribute the Document in any medium, either commercially or noncommercially, provided that this License, the copyright notices, and the license notice saying this License applies to the Document are reproduced in all copies, and that you add no other conditions whatsoever to those of this License. You may not use technical measures to obstruct or control the reading or further copying of the copies you make or distribute. However, you may accept compensation in exchange for copies. If you distribute a large enough number of copies you must also follow the conditions in section 3.

You may also lend copies, under the same conditions stated above, and you may publicly display copies.

3. COPYING IN QUANTITY

If you publish printed copies (or copies in media that commonly have printed covers) of the Document, numbering more than 100, and the Document's license notice requires Cover Texts, you must enclose the copies in covers that carry, clearly and legibly, all these Cover Texts: Front-Cover Texts on the front cover, and Back-Cover Texts on the back cover. Both covers must also clearly and legibly identify you as the publisher of these copies. The front cover must present the full title with all words of the title equally prominent and visible. You may add other material on the covers in addition. Copying with changes limited to the covers, as long as they preserve the title of the Document and satisfy these conditions, can be treated as verbatim copying in other respects.

If the required texts for either cover are too voluminous to fit legibly, you should put the first ones listed (as many as fit reasonably) on the actual cover, and continue the rest onto adjacent pages.

If you publish or distribute Opaque copies of the Document numbering more than 100, you must either include a machine-readable Transparent copy along with each Opaque copy, or state in or with each Opaque copy a computer-network location from which the general network-using public has access to download using public-standard network protocols a complete Transparent copy of the Document, free of added material. If you use the latter option, you must take reasonably prudent steps, when you begin distribution of Opaque copies in quantity, to ensure that this Transparent copy will remain thus accessible at the stated location until at least one year after the last time you distribute an Opaque copy (directly or through your agents or retailers) of that edition to the public.

It is requested, but not required, that you contact the authors of the Document well before redistributing any large number of copies, to give them a chance to provide you with an updated version of the Document.

4. MODIFICATIONS

You may copy and distribute a Modified Version of the Document under the conditions of sections 2 and 3 above, provided that you release the Modified Version under precisely this License, with the Modified Version filling the role of the Document, thus licensing distribution and modification of the Modified Version to whoever possesses a copy of it. In addition, you must do these things in the Modified Version:

A. Use in the Title Page (and on the covers, if any) a title distinct from that of the Document, and from those of previous versions (which should, if there were any, be listed in the History section of the Document). You may use the same title as a previous version if the original publisher of that version gives permission.

B. List on the Title Page, as authors, one or more persons or entities responsible for authorship of the modifications in the Modified Version, together with at least five of the principal authors of the Document (all of its principal authors, if it has fewer than five), unless they release you from this requirement.

C. State on the Title page the name of the publisher of the Modified Version, as the publisher.

D. Preserve all the copyright notices of the Document.

E. Add an appropriate copyright notice for your modifications adjacent to the other copyright notices.

F. Include, immediately after the copyright notices, a license notice giving the public permission to use the Modified Version under the terms of this License, in the form shown in the Addendum below.

G. Preserve in that license notice the full lists of Invariant Sections and required Cover Texts given in the Document's license notice.

H. Include an unaltered copy of this License.

I. Preserve the section Entitled "History", Preserve its Title, and add to it an item stating at least the title, year, new authors, and publisher of the Modified Version as given on the Title Page. If there is no section Entitled "History" in the Document, create one stating the title, year, authors, and publisher of the Document as given on its Title Page, then add an item describing the Modified Version as stated in the previous sentence.

J. Preserve the network location, if any, given in the Document for public access to a Transparent copy of the Document, and likewise the network locations given in the Document for previous versions it was based on. These may be placed in the "History" section. You may omit a network location for a work that was published at least four years before the Document itself, or if the original publisher of the version it refers to gives permission.

K. For any section Entitled "Acknowledgements" or "Dedications", Preserve the Title of the section, and preserve in the section all the substance and tone of each of the contributor acknowledgements and/or dedications given therein.

L. Preserve all the Invariant Sections of the Document, unaltered in their text and in their titles. Section numbers or the equivalent are not considered part of the section titles.

M. Delete any section Entitled "Endorsements". Such a section may not be included in the Modified Version.

N. Do not retitle any existing section to be Entitled "Endorsements" or to conflict in title with any Invariant Section.

O. Preserve any Warranty Disclaimers.

If the Modified Version includes new front-matter sections or appendices that qualify as Secondary Sections and contain no material copied from the Document, you may at your option designate some or all of these sections as invariant. To do this, add their titles to the list of Invariant Sections in the Modified Version's license notice. These titles must be distinct from any other section titles.

You may add a section Entitled "Endorsements", provided it contains nothing but endorsements of your Modified Version by various parties--for example, statements of peer review or that the text has been approved by an organization as the authoritative definition of a standard.

You may add a passage of up to five words as a Front-Cover Text, and a passage of up to 25 words as a Back-Cover Text, to the end of the list of Cover Texts in the Modified Version. Only one passage of Front-Cover Text and one of Back-Cover Text may be added by (or through arrangements made by) any one entity. If the Document already includes a cover text for the same cover, previously added by you or by arrangement made by the same entity you are acting on behalf of, you may not add another; but you may replace the old one, on explicit permission from the previous publisher that added the old one.

The author(s) and publisher(s) of the Document do not by this License give permission to use their names for publicity for or to assert or imply endorsement of any Modified Version.

5. COMBINING DOCUMENTS

You may combine the Document with other documents released under this License, under the terms defined in section 4 above for modified versions, provided that you include in the combination all of the Invariant Sections of all of the original documents, unmodified, and list them all as Invariant Sections of your combined work in its license notice, and that you preserve all their Warranty Disclaimers.

The combined work need only contain one copy of this License, and multiple identical Invariant Sections may be replaced with a single copy. If there are multiple Invariant Sections with the same name but different contents, make the title of each such section unique by adding at the end of it, in parentheses, the name of the original author or publisher of that section if known, or else a unique number. Make the same adjustment to the section titles in the list of Invariant Sections in the license notice of the combined work.

In the combination, you must combine any sections Entitled "History" in the various original documents, forming one section Entitled "History"; likewise combine any sections Entitled "Acknowledgements", and any sections Entitled "Dedications". You must delete all sections Entitled "Endorsements."

6. COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS

You may make a collection consisting of the Document and other documents released under this License, and replace the individual copies of this License in the various documents with a single copy that is included in the collection, provided that you follow the rules of this License for verbatim copying of each of the documents in all other respects.

You may extract a single document from such a collection, and distribute it individually under this License, provided you insert a copy of this License into the extracted document, and follow this License in all other respects regarding verbatim copying of that document.

7. AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS

A compilation of the Document or its derivatives with other separate and independent documents or works, in or on a volume of a storage or distribution medium, is called an "aggregate" if the copyright resulting from the compilation is not used to limit the legal rights of the compilation's users beyond what the individual works permit. When the Document is included in an aggregate, this License does not apply to the other works in the aggregate which are not themselves derivative works of the Document.

If the Cover Text requirement of section 3 is applicable to these copies of the Document, then if the Document is less than one half of the entire aggregate, the Document's Cover Texts may be placed on covers that bracket the Document within the aggregate, or the electronic equivalent of covers if the Document is in electronic form. Otherwise they must appear on printed covers that bracket the whole aggregate.

8. TRANSLATION

Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may distribute translations of the Document under the terms of section 4. Replacing Invariant Sections with translations requires special permission from their copyright holders, but you may include translations of some or all Invariant Sections in addition to the original versions of these Invariant Sections. You may include a translation of this License, and all the license notices in the Document, and any Warranty Disclaimers, provided that you also include the original English version of this License and the original versions of those notices and disclaimers. In case of a disagreement between the translation and the original version of this License or a notice or disclaimer, the original version will prevail.

If a section in the Document is Entitled "Acknowledgements", "Dedications", or "History", the requirement (section 4) to Preserve its Title (section 1) will typically require changing the actual title.

9. TERMINATION

You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document except as expressly provided for under this License. Any other attempt to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Document is void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License. However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such parties remain in full compliance.

10. FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE

The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions of the GNU Free Documentation License from time to time. Such new versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to address new problems or concerns. See http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/.

Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version number. If the Document specifies that a particular numbered version of this License "or any later version" applies to it, you have the option of following the terms and conditions either of that specified version or of any later version that has been published (not as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation. If the Document does not specify a version number of this License, you may choose any version ever published (not as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation.

How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs

If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.

To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.

    <one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.>
    Copyright (C) <year>  <name of author>

    This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
    the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
    (at your option) any later version.

    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
    GNU General Public License for more details.
    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
    along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
    Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA

Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.

If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode:

    Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) year name of author
    Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.
    This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
    under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.

The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate parts of the General Public License. Of course, the commands you use may be called something other than `show w' and `show c'; they could even be mouse-clicks or menu items--whatever suits your program.

You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your school, if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if necessary. Here is a sample; alter the names:

  Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program
  `Gnomovision' (which makes passes at compilers) written by James Hacker.

  <signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1989
  Ty Coon, President of Vice

This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Library General Public License instead of this License.